ORAL MAGNESIUM SUPPLEMENTATION IN ASTHMATIC CHILDREN: A DOUBLE-BLIND RANDOMIZED PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL
Gontijo-Amaral c, et al
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007 Jan ;61(1) :54-60.
This double-blind randomized parallel placebo-controlled study looks at the long-term effects of oral magnesium
supplementation in moderate persistent asthmatic children and adolescents. The patients came form the Pediatric
Outpatient Clinic, Division of Pulmonology, Allergy, and Immunology, and they were followed at the Center for
Investigation in Pediatrics at the State University of Campinas Hospital, Brazil. In the study, 37 patients (ages 7 -19
years, 19 males, 18 females) were randomized into two groups. One group received 300 mg of magnesium (magnesium
bisglycinate chelate), while the other received only a placebo. All patients were using fluticasone inhaler (250mcg twice
a day) and salbutamol when needed. Primary outcome was bronchial reactivity evaluated via a methacholine challenge
test (PC20). After a 2 month follow up, the PC20 test for bronchial reactivity was augmented significantly in only the
group receiving the magnesium. Skin responses to recognized antigens decreased in the magnesium group, as well. In
addition, the magnesium group suffered fewer asthma exacerbations and required less use of salbutamol than the
placebo group. Oral supplementation of magnesium provided positive benefits to the pediatric patients with moderate
persistent asthma treated with fluticasone.
PROLONGED EFFECT OF CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTATION ON RISK OF COLORECTAL ADENOMAS IN A RANDOMIZED TRIAL
Grau MV, et al
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007 Jan 17 ;99(2) : 129-36
This study looks at the duration of the protective effect from the recurrence of colorectal adenomas of calcium
supplementation after cessation of supplementation. In the Calcium Polyp Prevention Study, 930 patients with a history
of colorectal adenoma were randomly placed into two groups: the placebo group and the calcium supplemented group
(1200mg of elemental calcium daily for 4 years). In the Calcium Follow-up Study's observational phase, they tracked
adenoma occurrence for an average of 7 years, after the end of the randomized treatment, as well as gathering
information on the use of medications, vitamins, and supplements during that time. Follow-up information was
collected for 822 patients, 597 of whom had at least one colonoscopy after the end of the treatment. During the first 5
years after the treatment, the calcium group still had a statistically lower risk for adenoma than those of the placebo
group (RR 0.63), and a smaller, but not statistically significant reduction in the risk for advanced adenomas. The
treatment was not associated with any type of polyp during the next 5 years. The protective effect of calcium
supplementation on the risk of colorectal adenoma recurrence extends up to 5 years after cessation of calcium
treatment.
MAGNESIUM METABOLISM IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, METABOLIC SYNDROME, AND INSULIN RESISTANCE
Barbagallo M, Dominguez LJ
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2007 Peb 1 ;458(1):40-7
Cellular and extracellular magnesium depletion is a characteristic of Type 2 diabetes. Epidemiologic research has
indicated a high prevalence of hypomagnesemia and lower intracellular magnesium levels in diabetics. Insulin and
glucose are involved in the regulation of magnesium metabolism. Intracellular magnesium is a key regulator of insulin
action, insulin-mediated glucose uptake, and vascular tone. Lower intracellular magnesium levels lead to a defective
tyrosine-kinase activity, post-receptorial impairment in insulin action, and an increased insulin resistance in diabetics.
Insulin resistance of certain metabolic syndromes has been proposed to be the result of magnesium deficit, and low
dietary magnesium is related to the development of Type 2 diabetes. A number of studies have shown that magnesium
supplementation has a positive impact on the metabolic profile of diabetics, but more, larger prospective studies are still
needed to support the use of magnesium supplementation as a public health strategy against the risk of diabetes.
SUPPLEMENTATION WITH CALCIUM + VITAMIN D ENHANCES THE BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF WEIGHTS LOSS ON PLASMA LIPID AND LIPOPROTEIN CONENTRATIONS
Major GC, et al.
Am J Clin Nutr, 2007 Jan ;85(1) :54-9.
Adequate calcium intake can have a favorable effect on some metabolic variables. The objective of the study
was to determine the effects of daily calcium intake and of supplementation with calcium and vitamin D (calcium+D) during a weight-loss intervention on blood pressures, plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations; and glucose and insulin concentrations in low calcium consumers. Healthy, overweight women (n = 63) with a daily calcium intake of < 800 mg/d were randomly assigned in a double-blind
manner to 1 of 2 groups: the group consuming 2 tablets/d of a calcium + vitamin D supplement (600 mg elemental calcium and 200 IU vitamin D/tablet) or the group consuming placebo; both groups observed a 700 kcal/d energy restriction. These 63 women then completed a 15-wk weight-loss intervention. Initial daily calcium intake was significantly correlated with plasma HDL cholesterol and with 2-h postload glycemia during an oral-glucose-tolerance test, independent of fat mass and waist circumference. After the 15-wk intervention, significantly greater decreases in total:LDL and LDL:HDL (P < 0.01 for both) and of LDL cholesterol (P < 0.05) were observed in the calcium+D group than in the placebo group. The differences in total: HDL and LDL:HDL were independent of changes in fat mass and in waist circumference. A tendency for more beneficial changes in HDL cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and total cholesterol was also observed in the
calcium+D group. Consumption of calcium+D during a weight-loss intervention enhanced the beneficial effect of body weight loss on the lipid and lipoprotein profile in overweight or obese women with usual low daily calcium intake.
PILOT STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF MODIFIED-RELEASE MAGNESIUM 250mg TABLET(SINCROMAG®) FOR THE TREATMENT OF PREMESNTRUAL SYNDROME
Quaranta S, et al.
Clin Drug Investig, 2007;27(1):51-8.
Magnesium deficiency has been implicated as a possible contributing factor to some symptoms of
premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and several studies have reported a lower intracellular magnesium concentration in women
with PMS. Thus, it has been suggested that magnesium supplementation may improve certain symptoms in women with
PMS. This open-label study assessed the efficacy and safety of a patented modified-release magnesium 250mg tablet
for improving symptoms in women affected by PMS. After a 3-month observational period, women aged 18-45 years with
a regular menstrual cycle (from 25-35 days) who were affected by PMS (determined by a score of >/=25 points on a
PMS questionnaire) [n = 41] were given the modified-release magnesium tablet over three menstrual cycles, beginning
20 days after the start of their last menstrual period and continuing until the start of their next menstrual
period. PMS symptoms improved during magnesium treatment. After 3 months, the mean total PMS score
(primary endpoint), as assessed by the investigator using Moos' Modified Menstrual Distress Questionnaire,
was significantly lower than before therapy. During the same period, the mean PMS scores, as recorded in
patients' diaries (secondary efficacy variables), also showed significant improvements. The relative decreases
in total PMS scores, as assessed by investigator and patient, were 35.1% and 33.5%, respectively. The magnesium
tablet was well tolerated, with vertigo the only treatment-related adverse event reported (one patient).
The researchers concluded that modified-release magnesium was effective in reducing premenstrual symptoms
in women with PMS in this preliminary study.End
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